Reversible Flow Electronic Expansion Vavle

ABSTRACT

An HVAC system includes an electronic expansion valve having a movable obturator with a truncated tip and a port configured to selectively receive the truncated tip. An electronically controlled expansion valve includes a movable obturator with a truncated tip and a port configured to selectively receive the truncated tip. A method of operating a heat pump HVAC system includes providing an electronically controlled expansion valve comprising an obturator having a truncated tip and flowing refrigerant through the valve.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Not applicable.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not applicable.

REFERENCE TO A MICROFICHE APPENDIX

Not applicable.

BACKGROUND

Some heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems may comprise an electronic expansion valve (EEV) and also be configured as a so-called heat pump.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

In some embodiments of the disclosure, an HVAC system comprising an electronic expansion valve, a movable obturator having a truncated tip, and a port configured to selectively receive the truncated tip is disclosed.

In other embodiments of the disclosure, an electronically controlled expansion valve comprising a movable obturator having a truncated tip and a port configured to selectively receive the truncated tip is disclosed

In yet other embodiments of the disclosure, a method of operating a heat pump HVAC system comprising providing an electronically controlled expansion valve comprising an obturator having a truncated tip and flowing refrigerant through the valve is disclosed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following brief description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein like reference numerals represent like parts.

FIG. 1 is simplified schematic diagram of an HVAC system according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of the air circulation paths of the HVAC system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an EEV of the HVAC system of FIG. 1 in a metered state of operation;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the EEV of FIG. 3 in an unmetered state of operation;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another EEV of the disclosure in a metered state of operation;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the EEV of FIG. 5 in an unmetered state of operation;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another EEV of the disclosure in a metered state of operation;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the EEV of FIG. 7 in an unmetered state of operation;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another EEV of the disclosure in a metered state of operation;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the EEV of FIG. 9 in an unmetered state of operation; and

FIG. 11 is a simplified representation of a general-purpose processor (e.g., electronic controller or computer) system suitable for implementing the embodiments of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Some heat pump and/or reversible flow HVAC systems comprise EEVs each having a pointed metering needle type of obturator that may be movable relative to a complementary seat of a flow port. In some applications, the HVAC systems may further comprise one or more check valves operable to selectively reroute refrigerant flow around an EEV during so-called reverse flow operation or heat pump operation of the HVAC system. In other embodiments, an EEV comprising a pointed metering needle type of obturator may allow reverse flow through the EEV by removing the pointed tip of the metering needle well past a boundary of the associated flow port. In some embodiments, moving the pointed metering needle type of obturator may require an undesirably long EEV. Accordingly, this disclosure provides EEV systems and methods that present no need for rerouting refrigerant around the EEV during reverse refrigerant flow.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a simplified schematic diagram of an HVAC system 100 according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. HVAC system 100 comprises an indoor unit 102, an outdoor unit 104, and a system controller 106. In some embodiments, the system controller 106 may operate to control operation of the indoor unit 102 and/or the outdoor unit 104. As shown, the HVAC system 100 is a so-called heat pump system that may be selectively operated to implement one or more substantially closed thermodynamic refrigeration cycles to provide a cooling functionality and/or a heating functionality.

Indoor unit 102 comprises an indoor heat exchanger 108, an indoor fan 110, and an indoor metering device 112. Indoor heat exchanger 108 is a plate fin heat exchanger configured to allow heat exchange between refrigerant carried within internal tubing of the indoor heat exchanger 108 and fluids that contact the indoor heat exchanger 108 but that are kept segregated from the refrigerant. In other embodiments, indoor heat exchanger 108 may comprise a spine fin heat exchanger, a microchannel heat exchanger, or any other suitable type of heat exchanger.

The indoor fan 110 is a centrifugal blower comprising a blower housing, a blower impeller at least partially disposed within the blower housing, and a blower motor configured to selectively rotate the blower impeller. In other embodiments, the indoor fan 110 may comprise a mixed-flow fan and/or any other suitable type of fan. The indoor fan 110 is configured as a modulating and/or variable speed fan capable of being operated at many speeds over one or more ranges of speeds. In other embodiments, the indoor fan 110 may be configured as a multiple speed fan capable of being operated at a plurality of operating speeds by selectively electrically powering different ones of multiple electromagnetic windings of a motor of the indoor fan 110. In yet other embodiments, the indoor fan 110 may be a single speed fan.

The indoor metering device 112 is an electronically controlled motor driven electronic expansion valve (EEV). In alternative embodiments, the indoor metering device 112 may comprise a thermostatic expansion valve, a capillary tube assembly, and/or any other suitable metering device. The indoor metering device 112 may comprise and/or be associated with a refrigerant check valve and/or refrigerant bypass for use when a direction of refrigerant flow through the indoor metering device 112 is such that the indoor metering device 112 is not intended to meter or otherwise substantially restrict flow of the refrigerant through the indoor metering device 112.

Outdoor unit 104 comprises an outdoor heat exchanger 114, a compressor 116, an outdoor fan 118, an outdoor metering device 120, and a reversing valve 122. Outdoor heat exchanger 114 is a spine fin heat exchanger configured to allow heat exchange between refrigerant carried within internal passages of the outdoor heat exchanger 114 and fluids that contact the outdoor heat exchanger 114 but that are kept segregated from the refrigerant. In other embodiments, outdoor heat exchanger 114 may comprise a plate fin heat exchanger, a microchannel heat exchanger, or any other suitable type of heat exchanger.

The compressor 116 is a multiple speed scroll type compressor configured to selectively pump refrigerant at a plurality of mass flow rates. In alternative embodiments, the compressor 116 may comprise a modulating compressor capable of operation over one or more speed ranges, the compressor 116 may comprise a reciprocating type compressor, the compressor 116 may be a single speed compressor, and/or the compressor 116 may comprise any other suitable refrigerant compressor and/or refrigerant pump.

The outdoor fan 118 is an axial fan comprising a fan blade assembly and fan motor configured to selectively rotate the fan blade assembly. In other embodiments, the outdoor fan 118 may comprise a mixed-flow fan, a centrifugal blower, and/or any other suitable type of fan and/or blower. The outdoor fan 118 is configured as a modulating and/or variable speed fan capable of being operated at many speeds over one or more ranges of speeds. In other embodiments, the outdoor fan 118 may be configured as a multiple speed fan capable of being operated at a plurality of operating speeds by selectively electrically powering different ones of multiple electromagnetic windings of a motor of the outdoor fan 118. In yet other embodiments, the outdoor fan 118 may be a single speed fan.

The outdoor metering device 120 is a thermostatic expansion valve. In alternative embodiments, the outdoor metering device 120 may comprise an electronically controlled motor driven EEV, a capillary tube assembly, and/or any other suitable metering device. The outdoor metering device 120 may comprise and/or be associated with a refrigerant check valve and/or refrigerant bypass for use when a direction of refrigerant flow through the outdoor metering device 120 is such that the outdoor metering device 120 is not intended to meter or otherwise substantially restrict flow of the refrigerant through the outdoor metering device 120.

The reversing valve 122 is a so-called four-way reversing valve. The reversing valve 122 may be selectively controlled to alter a flow path of refrigerant in the HVAC system 100 as described in greater detail below. The reversing valve 122 may comprise an electrical solenoid or other device configured to selectively move a component of the reversing valve 122 between operational positions.

The system controller 106 may comprise a touchscreen interface for displaying information and for receiving user inputs. The system controller 106 may display information related to the operation of the HVAC system 100 and may receive user inputs related to operation of the HVAC system 100. However, the system controller 106 may further be operable to display information and receive user inputs tangentially and/or unrelated to operation of the HVAC system 100. In some embodiments, the system controller 106 may comprise a temperature sensor and may further be configured to control heating and/or cooling of zones associated with the HVAC system 100. In some embodiments, the system controller 106 may be configured as a thermostat for controlling supply of conditioned air to zones associated with the HVAC system.

In some embodiments, the system controller 106 may selectively communicate with an indoor controller 124 of the indoor unit 102, with an outdoor controller 126 of the outdoor unit 104, and/or with other components of the HVAC system 100. In some embodiments, the system controller 106 may be configured for selective bidirectional communication over a communication bus 128. In some embodiments, portions of the communication bus 128 may comprise a three-wire connection suitable for communicating messages between the system controller 106 and one or more of the HVAC system 100 components configured for interfacing with the communication bus 128. Still further, the system controller 106 may be configured to selectively communicate with HVAC system 100 components and/or other device 130 via a communication network 132. In some embodiments, the communication network 132 may comprise a telephone network and the other device 130 may comprise a telephone. In some embodiments, the communication network 132 may comprise the Internet and the other device 130 may comprise a so-called smartphone and/or other Internet enabled mobile telecommunication device.

The indoor controller 124 may be carried by the indoor unit 102 and may be configured to receive information inputs, transmit information outputs, and otherwise communicate with the system controller 106, the outdoor controller 126, and/or any other device via the communication bus 128 and/or any other suitable medium of communication. In some embodiments, the indoor controller 124 may be configured to communicate with an indoor personality module 134, receive information related to a speed of the indoor fan 110, transmit a control output to an electric heat relay, transmit information regarding an indoor fan 110 volumetric flow-rate, communicate with and/or otherwise affect control over an air cleaner 136, and communicate with an indoor EEV controller 138. In some embodiments, the indoor controller 124 may be configured to communicate with an indoor fan controller 142 and/or otherwise affect control over operation of the indoor fan 110. In some embodiments, the indoor personality module 134 may comprise information related to the identification and/or operation of the indoor unit 102 and/or a position of the outdoor metering device 120.

In some embodiments, the indoor EEV controller 138 may be configured to receive information regarding temperatures and/or pressures of the refrigerant in the indoor unit 102. More specifically, the indoor EEV controller 138 may be configured to receive information regarding temperatures and pressures of refrigerant entering, exiting, and/or within the indoor heat exchanger 108. Further, the indoor EEV controller 138 may be configured to communicate with the indoor metering device 112 and/or otherwise affect control over the indoor metering device 112.

The outdoor controller 126 may be carried by the outdoor unit 104 and may be configured to receive information inputs, transmit information outputs, and otherwise communicate with the system controller 106, the indoor controller 124, and/or any other device via the communication bus 128 and/or any other suitable medium of communication. In some embodiments, the outdoor controller 126 may be configured to communicate with an outdoor personality module 140 that may comprise information related to the identification and/or operation of the outdoor unit 104. In some embodiments, the outdoor controller 126 may be configured to receive information related to an ambient temperature associated with the outdoor unit 104, information related to a temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 114, and/or information related to refrigerant temperatures and/or pressures of refrigerant entering, exiting, and/or within the outdoor heat exchanger 114 and/or the compressor 116. In some embodiments, the outdoor controller 126 may be configured to transmit information related to monitoring, communicating with, and/or otherwise affecting control over the outdoor fan 118, a compressor sump heater, a solenoid of the reversing valve 122, a relay associated with adjusting and/or monitoring a refrigerant charge of the HVAC system 100, a position of the indoor metering device 112, and/or a position of the outdoor metering device 120. The outdoor controller 126 may further be configured to communicate with a compressor drive controller 144 that is configured to electrically power and/or control the compressor 116.

The HVAC system 100 is shown configured for operating in a so-called cooling mode in which heat is absorbed by refrigerant at the indoor heat exchanger 108 and heat is rejected from the refrigerant at the outdoor heat exchanger 114. In some embodiments, the compressor 116 may be operated to compress refrigerant and pump the relatively high temperature and high pressure compressed refrigerant from the compressor 116 to the outdoor heat exchanger 114 through the reversing valve 122 and to the outdoor heat exchanger 114. As the refrigerant is passed through the outdoor heat exchanger 114, the outdoor fan 118 may be operated to move air into contact with the outdoor heat exchanger 114, thereby transferring heat from the refrigerant to the air surrounding the outdoor heat exchanger 114. The refrigerant may primarily comprise liquid phase refrigerant and the refrigerant may flow from the outdoor heat exchanger 114 to the indoor metering device 112 through and/or around the outdoor metering device 120 which does not substantially impede flow of the refrigerant in the cooling mode. The indoor metering device 112 may meter passage of the refrigerant through the indoor metering device 112 so that the refrigerant downstream of the indoor metering device 112 is at a lower pressure than the refrigerant upstream of the indoor metering device 112. The pressure differential across the indoor metering device 112 allows the refrigerant downstream of the indoor metering device 112 to expand and/or at least partially convert to a two-phase (vapor and gas) mixture. The two phase refrigerant may enter the indoor heat exchanger 108. As the refrigerant is passed through the indoor heat exchanger 108, the indoor fan 110 may be operated to move air into contact with the indoor heat exchanger 108, thereby transferring heat to the refrigerant from the air surrounding the indoor heat exchanger 108, causing evaporation of the liquid portion of the two phase mixture. The refrigerant may thereafter re-enter the compressor 116 after passing through the reversing valve 122.

To operate the HVAC system 100 in the so-called heating mode, the reversing valve 122 may be controlled to alter the flow path of the refrigerant, the indoor metering device 112 may be disabled and/or bypassed, and the outdoor metering device 120 may be enabled. In the heating mode, refrigerant may flow from the compressor 116 to the indoor heat exchanger 108 through the reversing valve 122, the refrigerant may be substantially unaffected by the indoor metering device 112, the refrigerant may experience a pressure differential across the outdoor metering device 120, the refrigerant may pass through the outdoor heat exchanger 114, and the refrigerant may reenter the compressor 116 after passing through the reversing valve 122. Most generally, operation of the HVAC system 100 in the heating mode reverses the roles of the indoor heat exchanger 108 and the outdoor heat exchanger 114 as compared to their operation in the cooling mode.

Referring now to FIG. 2, a simplified schematic diagram of the air circulation paths for a structure 200 conditioned by two HVAC systems 100 is shown. In this embodiment, the structure 200 is conceptualized as comprising a lower floor 202 and an upper floor 204. The lower floor 202 comprises zones 206, 208, and 210 while the upper floor 204 comprises zones 212, 214, and 216. The HVAC system 100 associated with the lower floor 202 is configured to circulate and/or condition air of lower zones 206, 208, and 210 while the HVAC system 100 associated with the upper floor 204 is configured to circulate and/or condition air of upper zones 212, 214, and 216.

In addition to the components of HVAC system 100 described above, in this embodiment, each HVAC system 100 further comprises a ventilator 146, a prefilter 148, a humidifier 150, and a bypass duct 152. The ventilator 146 may be operated to selectively exhaust circulating air to the environment and/or introduce environmental air into the circulating air. The prefilter 148 may generally comprise a filter media selected to catch and/or retain relatively large particulate matter prior to air exiting the prefilter 148 and entering the air cleaner 136. The humidifier 150 may be operated to adjust a humidity of the circulating air. The bypass duct 152 may be utilized to regulate air pressures within the ducts that form the circulating air flow paths. In some embodiments, air flow through the bypass duct 152 may be regulated by a bypass damper 154 while air flow delivered to the zones 206, 208, 210, 212, 214, and 216 may be regulated by zone dampers 156.

Still further, each HVAC system 100 may further comprise a zone thermostat 158 and a zone sensor 160. In some embodiments, a zone thermostat 158 may communicate with the system controller 106 and may allow a user to control a temperature, humidity, and/or other environmental setting for the zone in which the zone thermostat 158 is located. Further, the zone thermostat 158 may communicate with the system controller 106 to provide temperature, humidity, and/or other environmental feedback regarding the zone in which the zone thermostat 158 is located. In some embodiments, a zone sensor 160 may communicate with the system controller 106 to provide temperature, humidity, and/or other environmental feedback regarding the zone in which the zone sensor 160 is located.

While HVAC systems 100 are shown as a so-called split system comprising an indoor unit 102 located separately from the outdoor unit 104, alternative embodiments of an HVAC system 100 may comprise a so-called package system in which one or more of the components of the indoor unit 102 and one or more of the components of the outdoor unit 104 are carried together in a common housing or package. The HVAC system 100 is shown as a so-called ducted system where the indoor unit 102 is located remote from the conditioned zones, thereby requiring air ducts to route the circulating air. However, in alternative embodiments, an HVAC system 100 may be configured as a non-ducted system in which the indoor unit 102 and/or multiple indoor units 102 associated with an outdoor unit 104 is located substantially in the space and/or zone to be conditioned by the respective indoor units 102, thereby not requiring air ducts to route the air conditioned by the indoor units 102.

Still referring to FIG. 2, the system controllers 106 may be configured for bidirectional communication with each other and may further be configured so that a user may, using any of the system controllers 106, monitor and/or control any of the HVAC system 100 components regardless of which zones the components may be associated. Further, each system controller 106, each zone thermostat 158, and each zone sensor 160 may comprise a humidity sensor. As such, it will be appreciated that structure 200 is equipped with a plurality of humidity sensors in a plurality of different locations. In some embodiments, a user may effectively select which of the plurality of humidity sensors is used to control operation of one or more of the HVAC systems 100.

Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, an EEV 300 is shown according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The EEV 300 comprises a valve body comprising an interior space 302 connected to a side port 304 and an inline port 306. The EEV 300 further comprises a selectively movable obturator 308 connected to a movable rod 310. An electronically controlled motor 312 may be configured to selectively insert the obturator 308 at least partially into the inline port 306 and to remove the obturator 308 from the inline port 306 along an axis 314. In this embodiment, the obturator 308 comprises a generally frustoconical shape having a base 316, a side surface 318, and a truncated tip 320. The excluded tip portion 322 is shown in phantom lines as if extending from the obturator 308.

Referring now to FIG. 3, the EEV 300 is shown in a so-called metering state. In the metering state, at least a portion of the obturator 308 may be located within the inline port 306. In some embodiments, the EEV 300 may be controlled to maintain the metering state when a so-called normal or forward refrigerant flow direction (indicated by arrows 324) occurs. During such forward directional flow with the EEV 300 in the metering state, refrigerant may be forced between the side surface 318 and a geometric entry transition 326 between the interior space 302 and the inline port 306. By controlling the distance between the side surface 318 and the transition 326, a magnitude of a resultant pressure drop across the transition may be controlled. While the metering state may be useful in producing pressure differentials necessary to conduct refrigeration cycle heat transfer while refrigerant is flowed in the forward direction, the metering state may be undesirable when refrigerant flow direction is reversed.

Referring now to FIG. 4, the EEV 300 is shown in a so-called unmetered state. In the unmetered state, all or substantially all of the obturator 308 may be removed from the inline port 306. In some embodiments, the EEV 300 may be controlled to maintain the unmetered state when a so-called heat pump or reverse refrigerant flow direction (indicated by arrows 328) occurs. During such reverse directional flow with the EEV 300 in the unmetered state, refrigerant may flow from the inline port 306 to the side port 304 with a negligible pressure drop across the entire EEV 300. In some embodiments, the entirety of the obturator 308 may be removed from the inline port 306. However, in other embodiments, a portion of the obturator 308 may remain within the inline port 306 without presenting a flow restriction of significance. In some embodiments, a relatively blunt and/or flat surface of the truncated tip 320 may receive incident refrigerant flow but nonetheless be positions relative to the transition 326 so that refrigerant flow restriction and/or problematic refrigerant turbulence are substantially mitigated if not eliminated. Referring again to the excluded tip portion 322, it is clear that should the excluded tip portion 322 exist, the excluded tip portion 322 would extend significantly into the inline port 306 even while the entirety of the obturator 308 of this embodiment is fully removed and offset from the inline port 306 along the axis 314. Therefore, an obturator comprising the excluded tip portion 322 would need to be moved a much greater distance along the axis 314 to fully remove the obturator from the inline port 306. Still further, because of the protruding shape of the excluded tip portion 322 as compared to the flat truncated tip 320, the excluded tip portion 322 would need to be moved still further away from the inline port 306 to prevent turbulence and/or flow restriction during reverse flow through such an EEV. Further, such an EEV, as compared to EEV 300, may require a greater overall length along axis 314 to achieve similar results while using an obturator comprising the excluded tip portion 322.

Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6, an EEV 400 is shown according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The EEV 400 is substantially similar to EEV 300 except for the shape of the obturator 402. In this embodiment, the obturator 402 comprises a generally spherical section shape having a base 404, a substantially spherical side surface 406, and a truncated tip 408. The excluded tip portion 410 is shown in phantom lines as if extending from the obturator 402. In some embodiments, the EEV 400 operates substantially similarly to the EEV 300. As such, each of EEV 300, 400 may be described as comprising a first general geometric shape (i.e. conical and hemispherical, respectively) that is substantially abruptly foreshortened along the axis 314. The abrupt foreshortening may be described as, in some embodiments, resulting in a truncated tip 320, 408 that is substantially flat and substantially normal to the axis 314. As such, the truncated tips 320, 408 may also be substantially normal to the direction of incoming refrigerant flow through the inline port 306 during reverse flow. In some embodiments, locating the truncated tips 320, 408 a short distance offset from the inline port 306 may be sufficient for allowing substantially unrestricted fluid flow through the EEVs 300, 400 during reverse flow of refrigerant therethrough.

Referring now to FIGS. 7 and 8, an EEV 500 is shown according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The EEV 500 is substantially similar to EEV 300 except for the shape of the obturator 502. In this embodiment, while the obturator 502 comprises a generally frustoconical section shape having a base 504, a substantially conical side surface 506, and a truncated tip 508, the obturator further comprises (1) a generally smooth radius as the transition geometry between the base 504 and the side surface 506 and (2) a generally smooth radius as the transition geometry between the side surface 506 and the truncated tip 508. In some embodiments, the addition of the above-described curved interfaces may promote an increase in non-linear refrigerant fluid flow through the EEV 500. The excluded tip portion 510 is shown in phantom lines as if extending from the obturator 502. In some embodiments, the EEV 500 operates substantially similarly to the EEV 300. As such, 500 may be described as comprising a first general geometric shape (i.e. conical) that is substantially abruptly foreshortened along the axis 314. The abrupt foreshortening may be described as resulting in the truncated tip 508 that is substantially flat and substantially normal to the axis 314. As such, the truncated tip 508 may also be substantially normal to the direction of incoming refrigerant flow through the inline port 306 during reverse flow. In some embodiments, locating the truncated tip 508 a short distance offset from the inline port 306 may be sufficient for allowing substantially unrestricted fluid flow through the EEV 500 during reverse flow of refrigerant therethrough.

Referring now to FIGS. 9 and 10, an EEV 600 is shown according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The EEV 600 is substantially similar to EEV 300 except for the shape of the obturator 602. In this embodiment, while the obturator 602 comprises a generally frustoconical section shape having a base 604, a substantially conical side surface 606, and a truncated tip 608, the substantially flat truncated tip 608 is not subtantially normal to the inline port 306. Instead, the truncated tip 608 is angled to more closely face the side port 304. In this embodiment, forward refrigerant flow through the EEV 600 with the EEV 600 in a metering state (see FIG. 9) is substantially similar to that of the EEV 300 in the metering state. However, when refrigerant is flowed through the EEV 600 with the EEV 600 in an unmetered state (see FIG. 10), the refrigerant may strike the truncated tip 608 and be slightly directed toward the side port 304 in response to the inclined orientation of the truncated tip 608 relative to the axis 314.

In some embodiments, one or more EEVs 112, 120 may be configured as an EEV 300, 400, 500. In alternative embodiments, an obturator may comprise any other suitable shape for selectively generating a pressure drop across the transition 326. Further, in alternative embodiments, a truncated tip may comprise a concave tip, a convex tip, an undulating tip, an angled tip, and/or any other truncated shape relative to the remainder of the side surface. Still further, any of the interfaces between the various surfaces of the obturators disclosed herein may be chamfered, comprise a smooth radius, and/or may otherwise be configured to promote or reduce linear and/or non-linear fluid flow in response to fluid contacting the various interfaces.

FIG. 11 illustrates a typical, general-purpose processor (e.g., electronic controller or computer) system 1300 that includes a processing component 1310 suitable for implementing one or more embodiments disclosed herein. In addition to the processor 1310 (which may be referred to as a central processor unit or CPU), the system 1300 might include network connectivity devices 1320, random access memory (RAM) 1330, read only memory (ROM) 1340, secondary storage 1350, and input/output (I/O) devices 1360. In some cases, some of these components may not be present or may be combined in various combinations with one another or with other components not shown. These components might be located in a single physical entity or in more than one physical entity. Any actions described herein as being taken by the processor 1310 might be taken by the processor 1310 alone or by the processor 1310 in conjunction with one or more components shown or not shown in the drawing.

The processor 1310 executes instructions, codes, computer programs, or scripts that it might access from the network connectivity devices 1320, RAM 1330, ROM 1340, or secondary storage 1350 (which might include various disk-based systems such as hard disk, floppy disk, optical disk, or other drive). While only one processor 1310 is shown, multiple processors may be present. Thus, while instructions may be discussed as being executed by a processor, the instructions may be executed simultaneously, serially, or otherwise by one or multiple processors. The processor 1310 may be implemented as one or more CPU chips.

The network connectivity devices 1320 may take the form of modems, modem banks, Ethernet devices, universal serial bus (USB) interface devices, serial interfaces, token ring devices, fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) devices, wireless local area network (WLAN) devices, radio transceiver devices such as code division multiple access (CDMA) devices, global system for mobile communications (GSM) radio transceiver devices, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) devices, and/or other well-known devices for connecting to networks. These network connectivity devices 1320 may enable the processor 1310 to communicate with the Internet or one or more telecommunications networks or other networks from which the processor 1310 might receive information or to which the processor 1310 might output information.

The network connectivity devices 1320 might also include one or more transceiver components 1325 capable of transmitting and/or receiving data wirelessly in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as radio frequency signals or microwave frequency signals. Alternatively, the data may propagate in or on the surface of electrical conductors, in coaxial cables, in waveguides, in optical media such as optical fiber, or in other media. The transceiver component 1325 might include separate receiving and transmitting units or a single transceiver. Information transmitted or received by the transceiver 1325 may include data that has been processed by the processor 1310 or instructions that are to be executed by processor 1310. Such information may be received from and outputted to a network in the form, for example, of a computer data baseband signal or signal embodied in a carrier wave. The data may be ordered according to different sequences as may be desirable for either processing or generating the data or transmitting or receiving the data. The baseband signal, the signal embedded in the carrier wave, or other types of signals currently used or hereafter developed may be referred to as the transmission medium and may be generated according to several methods well known to one skilled in the art.

The RAM 1330 might be used to store volatile data and perhaps to store instructions that are executed by the processor 1310. The ROM 1340 is a non-volatile memory device that typically has a smaller memory capacity than the memory capacity of the secondary storage 1350. ROM 1340 might be used to store instructions and perhaps data that are read during execution of the instructions. Access to both RAM 1330 and ROM 1340 is typically faster than to secondary storage 1350. The secondary storage 1350 is typically comprised of one or more disk drives or tape drives and might be used for non-volatile storage of data or as an over-flow data storage device if RAM 1330 is not large enough to hold all working data. Secondary storage 1350 may be used to store programs or instructions that are loaded into RAM 1330 when such programs are selected for execution or information is needed.

The I/O devices 1360 may include liquid crystal displays (LCDs), touch screen displays, keyboards, keypads, switches, dials, mice, track balls, voice recognizers, card readers, paper tape readers, printers, video monitors, transducers, sensors, or other well-known input or output devices. Also, the transceiver 1325 might be considered to be a component of the I/O devices 1360 instead of or in addition to being a component of the network connectivity devices 1320. Some or all of the I/O devices 1360 may be substantially similar to various components disclosed herein.

It will be appreciated that the systems and methods disclosed herein, in some embodiments, provide an HVAC system well suited for selective configuration to quickly detect and control indoor humidity. In some embodiments, an increase in speed of detection of changes in indoor humidity may at least partially be attributed to the disclosed systems and methods capability of allowing the systems and/or a user of the systems to prioritize which of a plurality of differently located humidity sensors will be relied upon to provide feedback for controlling the system.

At least one embodiment is disclosed and variations, combinations, and/or modifications of the embodiment(s) and/or features of the embodiment(s) made by a person having ordinary skill in the art are within the scope of the disclosure. Alternative embodiments that result from combining, integrating, and/or omitting features of the embodiment(s) are also within the scope of the disclosure. Where numerical ranges or limitations are expressly stated, such express ranges or limitations should be understood to include iterative ranges or limitations of like magnitude falling within the expressly stated ranges or limitations (e.g., from about 1 to about 10 includes, 2, 3, 4, etc.; greater than 0.10 includes 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, etc.). For example, whenever a numerical range with a lower limit, Rl, and an upper limit, Ru, is disclosed, any number falling within the range is specifically disclosed. In particular, the following numbers within the range are specifically disclosed: R=Rl+k*(Ru−Rl), wherein k is a variable ranging from 1 percent to 100 percent with a 1 percent increment, i.e., k is 1 percent, 2 percent, 3 percent, 4 percent, 5 percent, . . . 50 percent, 51 percent, 52 percent, . . . , 95 percent, 96 percent, 97 percent, 98 percent, 99 percent, or 100 percent. Moreover, any numerical range defined by two R numbers as defined in the above is also specifically disclosed. Use of the term “optionally” with respect to any element of a claim means that the element is required, or alternatively, the element is not required, both alternatives being within the scope of the claim. Use of broader terms such as comprises, includes, and having should be understood to provide support for narrower terms such as consisting of, consisting essentially of, and comprised substantially of. Accordingly, the scope of protection is not limited by the description set out above but is defined by the claims that follow, that scope including all equivalents of the subject matter of the claims. Each and every claim is incorporated as further disclosure into the specification and the claims are embodiment(s) of the present invention. 

1. An HVAC system, comprising: an electronic expansion valve, comprising: a movable obturator comprising a truncated tip; and a port configured to selectively receive the truncated tip.
 2. The HVAC system of claim 1, wherein the truncated tip comprises a substantially flat surface.
 3. The HVAC system of claim 2, wherein the flat surface is configured to substantially face the port.
 4. The HVAC system of claim 1, wherein the obturator comprises a truncated cone.
 5. The HVAC system of claim 1, wherein the obturator comprises a truncated spherical section.
 6. The HVAC system of claim 1, wherein the electronic expansion valve is operable between a metered state and an unmetered state.
 7. The HVAC system of claim 6, wherein the truncated tip is located in the port in the metered stated and wherein the truncated tip is located outside the port in the unmetered state.
 8. The HVAC system of claim 1, wherein the HVAC system is a heat pump system.
 9. An electronically controlled expansion valve, comprising: a movable obturator comprising a truncated tip; and a port configured to selectively receive the truncated tip.
 10. The valve of claim 9, wherein the obturator comprises a frustoconical shape.
 11. The valve of claim 9, wherein the obturator comprises a truncated spherical section.
 12. The valve of claim 9, wherein the valve comprises a side surface joined to a substantially flat surface and wherein the flat surface is between the side surface and the port while the valve is in an unmetered state.
 13. The valve of claim 9, wherein the valve comprises a side surface joined to a substantially flat surface and wherein the flat surfaces is at least partially located within the port while the valve is in a metered state.
 14. The valve of claim 9, wherein the valve is operable between a metered state and an unmetered state.
 15. The valve of claim 14, wherein the valve produces a significant pressure drop across the valve while the valve is in a metered state and wherein refrigerant moves substantially from the obturator toward the port while the valve is in the metered state.
 16. The valve of claim 14, wherein refrigerant passes substantially freely through the valve while the valve is in an unmetered state and wherein refrigerant moves substantially from the port toward the obturator while the valve is in the unmetered state.
 17. The valve of claim 9, wherein the truncated tip is configured to guide refrigerant flow from the port to a second port while the truncated tip is not received within the port.
 18. The valve of claim 9, the obturator further comprising; at least one radius transition.
 19. A method of operating a heat pump HVAC system, comprising: providing an electronically controlled expansion valve comprising an obturator having a truncated tip; and flowing refrigerant through the valve.
 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising: during a forward flow of refrigerant through the valve, locating the truncated tip at least partially within an inline port of the valve.
 21. The method of claim 19, further comprising: during a reverse flow of refrigerant through the valve, locating the truncated tip outside an inline port of the valve.
 22. The method of claim 19, wherein the obturator comprises at least one of a frustoconical shape and a spherical section shape. 